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Abstract
Objective
Long term differences in survival after elective repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) between open surgical repair (OSR) and endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) are unclear, and hitherto artificial intelligence has not been used for this purpose. The aim was to compare the precision of survival estimates between the Kaplan–Meier (KM) method and the artificial intelligence derived method Neural Multi-Task Logistic Regression (N-MTLR), and to compare survival estimates as a function of patient age and time since surgery between OSR and EVAR using N-MTLR.
Methods
All AAAs in Denmark were identified in the Danish vascular registry between 2003 and 2018. Survival was estimated using the KM and N-MTLR methods, and prediction performance was estimated with the Brier score.
Results
7 912 patients were included in the study, n = 6 569 (83%) men, median age 72 years (range 35 – 92), with a median follow up time of 45.7 months (range 0 – 120). The two treatment cohorts, OSR n = 5 495 (69%), and EVAR n = 2 417 (31%), differed significantly in patient characteristics. The Brier score for KM increased from 0.044 to 0.244, and for N-MTLR from 0.044 to 0.206, from 90 days to 10 years. The N-MTLR method was more accurate than KM from 90 days to 10 years after surgery, p ≤ .025. N-MTLR demonstrated significant increased probability for survival for OSR in patients aged 58 – 76 years at five years, and 65 – 73 at 10 years after surgery, and the opposite was found for the benefit of EVAR in patients aged 72 – 85 years at one year, 85 – 90 years at five years, and for 85 – 90 year olds at 10 years after surgery.
Conclusion
N-MTLR outperforms KM for the entire post-operative follow up time. This N-MTLR model has the potential to render more precise patient specific survival estimates, and establish survival differences between subgroups of patients that KM is unable to detect, demonstrated here for different age groups.
Keywords
Article info
Publication history
Accepted:
January 16,
2023
Received in revised form:
November 8,
2022
Received:
April 6,
2022
Publication stage
In Press Accepted ManuscriptFootnotes
☆WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS
☆This study is the first using artificial intelligence for estimating survival after elective repair for abdominal aortic aneurysms. The model demonstrates more precise estimates than the Kaplan–Meier method, and has the ability to establish survival differences between subgroups of patients that Kaplan–Meier is unable to detect, for example as demonstrated in this article for different age groups, and ultimately to estimate patient specific survival.
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Copyright
© 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of European Society for Vascular Surgery.
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- Looking Through the Crystal Ball of Data ScienceEuropean Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery
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